All posts by manatails

Converting Killer LAN / WLAN cards to Atheros cards

If you feel frustrated by buggy drivers and softwares of Killer ethernet cards that come with your new gaming laptop or motherboard, it is possible to get rid of them by force replacing the drivers. I experienced continuous disconnection while creating a testnet with this card and it was unacceptable. I honestly have no idea why manufacturers even use this chipset even though people were complaining about this for a long time.

Killer chipsets are basically rebranded versions of existing Atheros chipsets, soย  you can simply override the default driver settings to make it function as an Atheros card.

 

1. Open the device manager
2018-11-23 02_07_04-Device Manager

 

2. Right click on the LAN card and choose to update driver software
2018-11-23 02_07_50-NVIDIA GeForce Overlay

3. Browse my computer for drivers
2018-11-23 02_08_11-Update Driver Software - Killer E2400 Gigabit Ethernet Controller

4. Pick from a list on my computer
2018-11-23 02_08_45-Update Driver Software - Killer E2400 Gigabit Ethernet Controller

5. Have driver disk
2018-11-23 02_09_04-Update Driver Software - Killer E2400 Gigabit Ethernet Controller

6. Choose the appropriate inf file for your device. There is a list of compatible drivers at the end of this article
2018-11-23 02_09_43-Device Manager

7. If the inf file contains multiple definitions, choose the appropriate model
2018-11-23 02_10_04-Update Driver Software - Killer E2400 Gigabit Ethernet Controller

8. Ignore the warning and proceed
2018-11-23 02_10_15-Update Driver Warning

9.You have a functional Atheros card now, goodbye retarded Killer drivers
2018-11-18 13_13_00-Device Manager

10. Remove the Killer suite from Add/Remove Programs if you installed them

 

List of compatible drivers:

Killer E2200 – Atheros AR8151
Killer E2400 – Atheros AR8171

Killer Wireless 1535 – Qualcomm QCA61x4A

 

Please tell me if you know any other compatible pairs, I’ll add them to this list.

Adding a startup script as a service in Ubuntu

I write this up because I don’t want to look it up everytime I need it. This will create a simple service that executes a script in Ubuntu systemd.

 

1. Create a file: /etc/systemd/system/service-name.service

[Unit]
Description=Some Description of your service
After=network.target
After=systemd-user-sessions.service
After=network-online.target

[Service]
User=root
Type=simple
ExecStart=/path/to/your/script/start-all.sh
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=30
StartLimitInterval=350
StartLimitBurst=10

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

2. Reload systemd

systemctl daemon-reload

3. Make that your script executable with:

chmod u+x /path/to/your/script/start-all.sh

4. Start it:

sudo systemctl start service-name

5. Enable it to run at boot

sudo systemctl enable service-name

tip: #!/bin/sh is necessary at the beginning of the script or startup will fail with error 203

Fix freezing Solaris kernel on boot

During an attempt to install Solaris on a real machine, I found a strange bug that caused Solaris kernel to freeze on the first boot.

This affected all post-skylake systems regardless of drive type so I originally suspected it to be related to the xHCI handoff bug with hackintosh setups, but it was actually something different.

With -v option, the last debug message shown was

root on /ramdisk:a fstype ufs

No other mentions of such bug were found on any solaris forums, but hopefully I found a similar issue on SmartOS, a solaris baed bare-metal OS: https://github.com/joyent/smartos-live/issues/727

For me, disabling both C7 states and Intel SpeedStep in BIOS setup fixed the issue, and Solaris kernel could boot up again like normal.

 

Preventing Windows guests from creating network profiles in Proxmox

Many of my servers run under the Proxmox virtual environment. For servers that doesn’t have a dedicated IP available for its guests I use iptables based NAT network to forward packets as described in my previous article: https://manatails.net/blog/2018/04/running-proxmox-with-nat/

But I came across a problem where Windows guests detect the network as ‘Unknown’ and try to create a new network profile every reboot.

2018-10-08 19_13_51-pve - Proxmox Virtual Environment

Not only it looked bad to have random names ‘Network 18’, but also the network type defaults to public network so any rules in private network get ignored until I manually set the network type to private.

I looked a bit in depth and found that the feature is called ‘Network Location Awareness’ per the original article https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa480195.aspx

From the page:

Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) and cable modems typically act as network address translators (NATs). As a result, their MAC addresses can be used to uniquely qualify the user’s network. NLA uses the MAC address of the user’s DSL or cable modem as the link ID.

Practically, Windows was using the MAC address of the default gateway to diffrentiate the network.

So I had to give the NAT interface a unique MAC address in order to be recognized.

2018-10-08 19_03_50-192.168.27.61 - PuTTY

Add ‘hwaddress ether’ to the interface config and give a random mac address, then windows will consistently identify the network.

2018-10-08 19_16_12-monica.mananet.net_444 - Remote Desktop Connection

Finally open regedit and go to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\NetworkList then delete all entries in Profiles and Signatures to get rid of previously detected networks and reset the counter.

 

Adding a new disk to Proxmox VE

root@elizabeth:/etc/lvm# fdisk /dev/sdb

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.29.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Command (m for help): g

Created a new GPT disklabel (GUID: DBD738EC-7ED5-4FC0-9474-1018CF3E4F12).

Command (m for help): n
Partition number (1-128, default 1):
First sector (34-500118158, default 2048):
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-500118158, default 500118158):

Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 238.5 GiB.

Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Type of partition 1 is unchanged: Linux filesystem.

Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 238.5 GiB, 256060514304 bytes, 500118192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: DBD738EC-7ED5-4FC0-9474-1018CF3E4F12

Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/sdb1 2048 500118158 500116111 238.5G Linux filesystem

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

root@elizabeth:/etc/lvm# pvcreate /dev/sdb1
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.
root@elizabeth:/etc/lvm# vgcreate ssd2 /dev/sdb1
Volume group "ssd2" successfully created
root@elizabeth:/etc/lvm# lvcreate --type thin-pool -L 100G -n data ssd2
Logical volume "data" created.
root@elizabeth:/etc/lvm# lvextend -l +100%FREE ssd2/data
Size of logical volume ssd2/data changed from 100.00 GiB (25600 extents) to 238.47 GiB (61049 extents).
Logical volume ssd2/data successfully resized.

Then it is possible to add the newly created LVM-Thin volume from the Web interface.

Building userdebug android images for Pixel

Those are the steps I took to build userdebug images for google Pixel on Ubtuntu 16.04. As the original google documentation is so unorganized and difficult to understand I’ve summed up the important parts to get a quick build for any device. I’m quite unsure about the package dependencies and there might be some more packages you need. Let me know if you needed more packages on clean install of Ubuntu.

1. First start with installing necessary packages

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install bc bison build-essential curl flex g++-multilib gcc-multilib git gnupg gperf imagemagick lib32ncurses5-dev lib32readline-dev lib32z1-dev libesd0-dev liblz4-tool libncurses5-dev libsdl1.2-dev libssl-dev libwxgtk3.0-dev libxml2 libxml2-utils lzop pngcrush rsync schedtool squashfs-tools xsltproc zip zlib1g-dev openjdk-8-jdk

2. Building android somehow requires some x86 libraries so install them as well

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libc6:i386 libncurses5:i386 libstdc++6:i386

3. Download repo client and install it somewhere

mkdir ~/bin
PATH=~/bin:$PATH

curl https://storage.googleapis.com/git-repo-downloads/repo > ~/bin/repo
chmod a+x ~/bin/repo

4. Make source directory and add git information for checkout

mkdir android_dev
cd android_dev

git config --global user.name "Your Name"
git config --global user.email "someaddress@someprovider.com"

5. Download actual source and build environment
Branch names can be found at https://source.android.com/setup/start/build-numbers

repo init -u https://android.googlesource.com/platform/manifest -b android-8.1.0_r28

repo sync

make clobber

6. (OPTIONAL) Download nonfree drivers, if you skip this step vendor.img will not be built.
Matching drivers can be found at https://developers.google.com/android/drivers

wget https://dl.google.com/dl/android/aosp/google_devices-sailfish-opm4.171019.016.b1-839e6b26.tgz
wget https://dl.google.com/dl/android/aosp/qcom-sailfish-opm4.171019.016.b1-3c7f92b3.tgz

tar xvf google_devices-sailfish-opm4.171019.016.b1-839e6b26.tgz
tar xvf qcom-sailfish-opm4.171019.016.b1-3c7f92b3.tgz

./extract-google_devices-sailfish.sh
./extract-qcom-sailfish.sh

7. Prepare build options and make
Available build configurations can be found at https://source.android.com/setup/build/running

source build/envsetup.sh

lunch aosp_sailfish-userdebug

make -j8

Resulting image files can be found at out/target/product/<device_name>

 

Troubleshooting #1. If build fails with “out of heap space” error, execute the commands below and continue make

export JACK_SERVER_VM_ARGUMENTS="-Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -XX:+TieredCompilation -Xmx4g"
jack-admin kill-server && jack-admin start-server

Running Proxmox with NAT

The default proxmox installation only supports basic NAT function with limited capabilities.

In order to create a working internal network you need to define a new network manually

Add the following entry to /etc/network/interfaces

vmbr0 is the WAN interface, if you use a different interface change it accordingly.


auto vmbr1
iface vmbr1 inet static
addressย  10.0.0.1
netmaskย  255.255.255.0
bridge_ports none
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0


post-up echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward


post-up iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s '10.0.0.0/24' -o vmbr0 -j MASQUERADE
post-down iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -s '10.0.0.0/24' -o vmbr0 -j MASQUERADE

 

And add port forwarding rules like this:

post-up iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i vmbr0 -p tcp --dport 222 -j DNAT --to 10.0.0.100:22
post-down iptables -t nat -D PREROUTING -i vmbr0 -p tcp --dport 222 -j DNAT --to 10.0.0.100:22

 

Apply the settings with:
/etc/init.d/networking restart

์ธ์ฒœ๊ณตํ•ญ ์ œ 2ํ„ฐ๋ฏธ๋„ ์ด์šฉ๊ธฐ

์ธ์ฒœ๊ณตํ•ญ 2ํ„ฐ๋ฏธ๋„์ด ๊ฐœ์žฅํ•œ์ง€ 2์ฃผ๋‚˜ ์ง€๋‚˜์„œ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์šฉํ•ด๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

KTX๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  2ํ„ฐ๋ฏธ๋„ ๋„์ฐฉ

 

 

์ƒ์Šน

 

 

๊ณตํ•ญ ์—ญ์‚ฌ

 

 

๋ฌด๋น™์›Œํฌ ํƒ€๋Š”๊ฒƒ๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” 1ํ„ฐ๋ฏธ๋„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋น„์Šทํ•œ๋ฐ

 

 

…์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋‹ค ๋น„์Šทํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค

 

 

 

์ผ๋‹จ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ™•์ธํ•ด์ฃผ๊ณ 

 

 

์ค‘์•™์—” ํ•œ๊ธ€์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์กฐํ˜•๋ฌผ์ด ์„ค์น˜๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

 

 

๋Œ€ํ•œํ•ญ๊ณต ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค/ํผ์ŠคํŠธ๋Š” ์•„์˜ˆ ์ฒดํฌ์ธ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋˜์–ด์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

 

๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ํ™์ฝฉ ์ฒต๋ž์ฝ• ๊ตญ์ œ๊ณตํ•ญ์ด ๋– ์˜ค๋ฅด๋Š” ์ค‘์•™ ๋ชจ์Šต

 

 

๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ „๋ง๋Œ€๋„ ์ƒ๊ฒผ๋„ค์š”

 

 

์•„์ง ์™„๊ณต๋œ๊ฑด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

 

???

 

 

์ฐฝ๋ฌธ ๋ฐ–์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ฉด์„ธ๊ตฌ์—ญ์ด ๋ณด์ด๋„ค์š”

 

 

์™ผ์ชฝ์—๋Š” ์ „๋ง๋Œ€์™€ VR ์ฒดํ—˜๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์—ญ๊ด‘์ด๋ผ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ์ฐ์„์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ VR์€ ๋‚˜๋ฆ„ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ž๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋ฌผ์ด ๋˜์–ด์„œ ์ปจ๋ฒ ์ด์–ด ๋ฒจํŠธ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” VR์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

 

๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋„ค์š”

 

 

์ฐฝ๋ฌธ๋ฐ– ํ’๊ฒฝ

 

 

์ด๊ฑด ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋Œ€๋กœ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ฐ์–ด์„œ ๋งคํŠธ๋ฆญ์Šค ํšจ๊ณผ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์ดฌ์˜์žฅ์ธ๋ฐ

๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ์—์„  ์•ž์„œ ์ฐ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์•ž์— ์ฐ์€ ์•„์ €์”จ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ“๊ฐ“์ด๋„ค์š”

ใ…‹ใ…‹ใ…‹ใ…‹ใ…‹ใ…‹ใ…‹ใ…‹ใ…‹ใ…‹ใ…‹ใ…‹ใ…‹ใ…‹ใ…‹ใ…‹

ํ˜ผ์ž ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์•„๊นŒ์šด ์ž‘ํ’ˆ๋“ค์ด๋ผ ์›€์งค๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋“œ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

 

๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ชฝ์—” ์„ค๋ช…ํšŒ ๊ฐ™์€๊ฑธ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

 

์‚ฌ์‹ค ์—ฌ๊ธด ๋ณ„๋กœ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์—†๊ธด ํ•œ๋ฐ

 

 

๋‚ด๋ ค์˜ค๋ฉด์„œ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ํ„ฐ๋ฏธ๋„ ์ „๊ฒฝ

 

 

์ด๋Ÿฐ๊ฒŒ ์™œ ํ„ฐ๋ฏธ๋„ ์ค‘์•™์—…

์ฐจ๋ผ๋ฆฌ ์–‘๋…๊ฐ์ž ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ด๋ฆ„๋ถ™ํ˜”์œผ๋ฉด ์ธ์ •ํ–ˆ์„ํ…๋ฐ

 

 

์ถœ๊ตญ์‹ฌ์‚ฌ ํ›„..

์›ํ˜•์Šค์บ๋„ˆ๋„ ์žˆ๊ธดํ•œ๋ฐ ๊ฑฐ๊ธด ์‚ฌ์ง„์ฐ์œผ๋ฉด ์•ˆ๋˜๋Š”๊ณณ์ด๋‹ˆ ์‚ฌ์ง„์€ ์ฐ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

 

์ •์› ์Šคํƒ€์ผ๋กœ ๊พธ๋ฉฐ๋†“์€๋“ฏํ•œ ์‰ผํ„ฐ

์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ์ € ๊ณต๊ฐ™์€๊ฑด ์•ˆ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์˜๋ฏธ์ธ์ง€ ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”

 

 

๋ฉด์„ธ๊ตฌ์—ญ์— VR ์ฒดํ—˜๊ด€์ด ๋˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 

 

 

์ด๋Ÿฐ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์žฌ๋ฐŒ์–ด๋ณด์ด๋Š”๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์˜†์—์„  ๋กœ๋ด‡ํŒ”๋กœ ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  HTC VIVE๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์ถ•๊ตฌ VR๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋‹ค ์ข‹์€๋ฐ ๋‚ ์”จ๊ฐ€ ์‹ฌ์ƒ์น˜์•Š๋‹ค

 

 

์˜†์—์„  ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ๋†€์ด ๊ณต์—ฐ์ด ์ค€๋น„์ค‘

 

 

์นด์นด์˜ค์ƒต๊ณผ ๋ฝ€๋กœ๋กœ…

 

 

์™ผ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ํ„ฐ๋ฏธ๋„ ๋‚ด ํ˜ธํ…”์ด ๋ณด์ด๋Š”๋ฐ

 

๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ณด๋‹ˆ ์‹œ์„ค๋Œ€๋น„ ๋น„์‹ผ ์š”๊ธˆ์œผ๋กœ ์š•๋จน๋Š” ํ˜ธํ…”์ด๋”๊ตฐ์š”

 

 

ํ•œ ์ธต ์œ„๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ€๋ฉด ์žˆ๋Š” ํ‘ธ๋“œ์ฝ”ํŠธ

์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„  ๋ณด๊ธฐ ๋“œ๋ฌธ ํƒ€์ฝ”๋ฒจ๋„ ์ž…์ ํ•ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

 

์ด์ œ ์ถœ๋ฐœํ• ์‹œ๊ฐ„

 

 

์ธ์ฒœ์—์„œ๋„ ๋งค๋„ˆํ‹ฐ๋Š” ์ตœ๊ณ  ์กด์—„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

ํ•ด๋กœ์šด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งค๋„ˆํ‹ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด ํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

KT ๋ฌด์„  ๊ณต์œ ๊ธฐ ์ปค์Šคํ…€ ํŽŒ์›จ์–ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๊ธฐ

์ด๋ฒˆ์— ์•„๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๋‚จ๋Š” KT ๊ณต์œ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

๋”ฑํžˆ ์“ธ๋ฐ๋Š” ์—†๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ ๋ถ„ํ•ดํ•ด ๋ณด์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ƒ๊ฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์‚ฌ์–‘์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ํ†ต์‹ ์‚ฌ ๊ณต์œ ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋‚จ๋Š”๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๊น๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ํ•ดํ‚น์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

 

๋ชจ๋ธ๋ช…์€ DW02-412H ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ๊ฐ€์ž… ์‹œ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ณต์œ ๊ธฐ์ธ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋„ค์š”.

IMG_20180106_010051

์™ธํ˜•์€ ๋ณ„ ๋ณผ์ผ ์—†๋Š” ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•œ ๊ณต์œ ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

2018-01-06 01_40_22-GIGA HomeHub

๊ณต์œ ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ฃผ์†Œ๋กœ ๋กœ๊ทธ์ธ์„ ํ•ด ๋ณด๋ฉด ์žฌ๋ฏธ์—†๋Š” kt ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

2018-01-06 01_42_01-GIGA HomeHub

ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฒƒ๋„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด์ œ ์ด ๊ณต์œ ๊ธฐ์—๊ฒŒ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํž˜์„ ์ค˜ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.

IMG_20180106_010738

์šฐ์„  ๋’ท๋ฉด์„ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.

๋”ฑ ๋ด๋„ ๊ณ ๋ฌด ๋ฐ‘์— ๋‚˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฒผ๊ตฐ์š”

 

IMG_20180106_010752

๊ณ ๋ฌดํŒจํ‚น์„ ๋–ผ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ’€์–ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

IMG_20180106_010819

๋šœ๊ป‘์„ ์—ฌ๋‹ˆ ๊ธฐํŒ์ด ๋ณด์ด๋„ค์š”.

 

QCA9557 ์นฉ์…‹๊ณผ ESMT์‚ฌ์˜ 1๊ธฐ๊ฐ€๋น„ํŠธ(128๋ฉ”๊ฐ€๋ฐ”์ดํŠธ) ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์ด ๋ˆˆ์— ๋•๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ•ด๋‹น ์นฉ์…‹์€ 720Mhz์˜ MIPS๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ CPU๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

720Mhz CPU์— 128MB ๋žจ, 128MB ๋‚ธ๋“œ๋ฉด ๊ณต์œ ๊ธฐ๋กœ ์‚ด๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์ข€ ์•„๊น์ฃ .

์ €๊ฐ€ํ˜• iptime ๊ณต์œ ๊ธฐ๋“ค์€ 32๋ฉ”๊ฐ€ ๋žจ์— 8๋ฉ”๊ฐ€ ๋‚ธ๋“œ ์žฅ์ฐฉ ์ด๋Ÿฐ๊ฒƒ๋„ ํ”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

๊ฐ€์žฅ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์ˆ˜์ƒํ•œ ํ•€๋“ค์ด ๋ณด์ด๋„ค์š”.

๋ณดํ†ต ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ•€๋“ค์ด ์ง๋ ฌ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์“ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ „์••์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ํ•€์ด ๋ฌด์Šจ ํ•€์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

์–ด๋ ค์šด๊ฑฐ ํ• ํ•„์š” ์—†์ด ์ „์••๊ณ„ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฉด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค…

IMG_20180106_011946

๊ฐ€์žฅ ์•„๋ž˜ ํ•€์€ 3.3v ๋‚˜์˜ค๋„ค์š”. VCC์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

IMG_20180106_012021

๋ฐ”๋กœ ์œ„์— ํ•€์€ ์ „์••์ด ๊ณ„์† ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๋Š”๊ฑธ ๋ณด๋‹ˆ TX์ธ๋“ฏ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

๋งจ๋์— ํ•€์€ 0๋ณผํŠธ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋‹ˆ GND์ด๊ณ  ์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ๋ผ์ธ๊ฒƒ์ด RX์ด๊ฒ ์ฃ 

 

 

IMG_20180106_012330

์ •๋ฆฌ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ USB ์ง๋ ฌ ์ปจํŠธ๋กค๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

2018-01-06 01_27_42-COM4 - PuTTY

PuTTY๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๋‹ˆ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์ด ๋˜๊ธด ๋œ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€๋ฐ.. baudrate๊ฐ€ ํ‹€๋ฆฐ์ง€ ๊ธ€์ž๊ฐ€ ๊นจ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ฃผ๋กœ์“ฐ๋Š” baudrate์ธ 57600, 115200 ๋“ฑ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•ด์„œ ํ™•์ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

2018-01-06 01_29_44-COM4 - PuTTY

115200์ด์˜€๋„ค์š”

์ด์ œ ๋ถ€ํŠธ๋กœ๋”์™€ ์ฝ˜์†”์— ์ ‘๊ทผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

uboot๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  Atheros ์‚ฌ์˜ ap135 SoC ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

 

2018-01-06 01_58_03-COM4 - PuTTY

 

๋ถ€ํŒ…์ด ์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜๋‹ˆ ์ฝ˜์†”๋กœ ๋กœ๊ทธ์ธ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋„ค์š”. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ๋น„๋ฐ€๋ฒˆํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค ๋Œ€์ž…ํ•ด๋ด๋„ ๋กœ๊ทธ์ธ์ด ๋˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

์šฐ์„  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ž‘์—…์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์ „์— ํŽŒ์›จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋คํ”„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

2018-01-06 17_47_46-COM4 - PuTTY

์ผ๋‹จ bootinfo ๋ช…๋ น์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์˜ ์ •๋ณด๋Š” ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋‚ธ๋“œ์— ์ €์žฅ๋œ ์ฃผ์†Œ, ์‚ฌ์ด์ฆˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋‹ค ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๋‹ˆ ์ž‘์—…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ข‹๋„ค์š”

 

 

๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ nand์˜ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋กœ ๋งˆ๋•…ํžˆ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์—†๋„ค์š”. ๋ถ€ํŠธ๋กœ๋”๊ฐ€ tftp ์—…๋กœ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ง€์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์–ด์ฉ”์ˆ˜์—†์ด nand์˜ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํ„ฐ๋ฏธ๋„์— ์ถœ๋ ฅํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ˆ˜๋™์œผ๋กœ ํ—ฅ์‚ฌ ํŒŒ์ผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•ด์•ผ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

๋ฆฌ๋ˆ…์Šค๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ์™”๊ตฐ์š”.

 

Screenshot-manatails@W230SS: ~-1

๋‹คํ–‰ํžˆ md ๋ช…๋ น์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์–ผ ์ฝ˜์†”๋กœ ๋‚ธ๋“œ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ถœ๋ ฅํ•  ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

์ด๋ฅผ ์ €์žฅํ•œ๋‹ค์Œ ํŒŒ์ด์ฌ ์Šคํฌ๋ฆฝํŠธ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐ”์ด๋„ˆ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์–ด ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Screenshot-manatails@W230SS: ~-Desktop

 

Screenshot-wxHexEditor 0.23 Beta for Linux

์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํŽŒ์›จ์–ด ๋คํ”„๊ฐ€ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๊ณต์œ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฒฝ๋Œ๋˜๊ธฐ๋ผ๋„ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด ๋คํ”„ ํŒŒ์ผ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์„œ ์› ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ๋ณต๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Screenshot-manatails@W230SS: ~-Desktop-1

binwalk ๋กœ lzma ์••์ถ•๋œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ํŒŒ์ผ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

0x44 ๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ํ—ค๋”๋ถ€๋ถ„์ธ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋„ค์š”

 

 

Screenshot-manatails@W230SS: ~-Desktop-2

ํ—ค๋”๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๊ณ  LZMA ์••์ถ•์„ ํ‘ผ ํ›„์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ฐ”์ด๋„ˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ปค๋„๊ณผ ๋ฃจํŠธ ํŒŒ์ผ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ๋ณด์ด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋„ค์š”

 

 

Screenshot-manatails@W230SS: ~-Desktop-_ollehfirmware.extracted-1

Unsquashfs๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํŒŒ์ผ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค…๋งŒ ํŒŒ์ผ์„ ์ฝ์„์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋„ค์š”?

์•„๋งˆ ๋น„ํ‘œ์ค€ squashfs๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฏ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ ๋‹คํ–‰ํžˆ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ž„๋ฒ ๋””๋“œ ์ œ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ์“ฐ๋Š” ๋น„ํ‘œ์ค€ squashfs ๊ทœ๊ฒฉ์„ ๋ชจ์•„๋†“์€ sasquatch๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

Screenshot-manatails@W230SS: ~-Desktop-_ollehfirmware.extracted

์ด์ œ ํŒŒ์ผ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ๋„ ๋‹ค ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์•”ํ˜ธ๋Š” ์—†๋„ค์š”. ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€์— ๊ฐ์ถ”์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ์–‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

 

๊ณต์œ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‹ฑ๊ธ€์œ ์ € ๋ชจ๋“œ๋กœ ๋ถ€ํŒ…ํ•ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.

 

๋จผ์ € ๋ถ€ํŒ… ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ์— ๋กœ๋“œ ํ•œ ๋’ค setenv๋กœ ์ปค๋„ ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ€ํŒ…ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

2018-01-09 21_10_47-COM3 - PuTTY

rc๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๋งˆ์ € ์ค€๋น„์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด passwd ํŒŒ์ผ์„ ์—ด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์„€๋„ ํ˜•์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋˜์–ด์žˆ๋„ค์š”

 

์„€๋„ ํŒŒ์ผ์˜ ํ˜•์‹์€ $Hashid $Salt $Hash value ๋กœ ๋˜์–ด์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ

์œ„ ํŒŒ์ผ์˜ ํ•ด์‰ฌ ํ˜•์‹์€ ๋‹ค์Œ ํ‘œ์™€ ๊ฐ™๊ตฐ์š”

passwd-5

MD5-crypt ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์†”ํŠธ ์—†์ด ์•”ํ˜ธํ™”๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์–ด๋ ต์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋น„๋ฐ€๋ฒˆํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

2018-01-09-21_23_51-C__Windows_system32_cmd.exe_

์˜ฌ๋ ˆ ๊ณต์œ ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž ๋น„๋ฐ€๋ฒˆํ˜ธ๋Š” ********์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (KT์ธก ์š”์ฒญ์œผ๋กœ ๋งˆ์Šคํ‚น ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.)

 

์˜ฌ๋ ˆ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ด ๊ธ€์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ™”๋“ค์ง ๋†€๋ผ๋ฉด์„œ ๋ณด์•ˆ ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜๊ฒ ์ฃ 

 

2018-01-09 21_32_05-COM3 - PuTTY

๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž ๋กœ๊ทธ์ธ ์„ฑ๊ณต!

 

์Šฌ์Šฌ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์„ค์น˜ํ•  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํŽŒ์›จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„ํ•ด ๋ณผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

Screenshot-manatails@home-linux: ~

OpenWRT๋Š” ๊ณต์œ ๊ธฐ ๋“ฑ์— ์„ค์น˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฆฌ๋ˆ…์Šค ๋ฐฐํฌํŒ์˜ ์ผ์ข…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

Screenshot-manatails@home-linux: ~-openwrt-1

ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ๋“ค๋„ ๋‹ค ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜๊ณ 

 

Screenshot-manatails@home-linux: ~-openwrt-3

๋ฐฐํฌํŒ์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์„ค์ •์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

Screenshot-manatails@home-linux: ~-openwrt-4

๋ณด๋“œ ์„ค์ •์„ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด ๊ณต์œ ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์ด ๋˜๋Š” AP135 ๋ ˆํผ๋Ÿฐ์Šค ๋ณด๋“œ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ”„๋ฆฌ์…‹์ด ์žˆ๊ธด ํ•˜๋„ค์š”

์„ ํƒํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ดํ›„์— ์•Œ์•„๋‚ธ ์ผ์ด๊ธด ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ AP136-010์— ๋‚ด์žฅ ์Šค์œ„์น˜ ๊ด€๋ จ ์ปค๋„ ์„ค์ •์ด ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒŒ ๋” ์ง€๋ฆ„๊ธธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค…

 

Screenshot-manatails@home-linux: ~-openwrt-5

์ด๊ฒƒ์ €๊ฒƒ ์ปดํŒŒ์ผ์„ ๊ฑฐ์ณ

 

Screenshot-manatails@home-linux: ~-openwrt-6

๋“œ๋””์–ด ์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜์—ˆ๊ตฐ์š”

 

๋ถ€ํŠธ๋กœ๋”์˜ tftpboot์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด์„œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํŽŒ์›จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์˜ฌ๋ ค ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.

 

2018-01-08 18_53_34-Tftpd64 by Ph. Jounin

 

๋ถ€ํŠธ๋กœ๋”์—์„œ tftp ์ ‘์† ์ฃผ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ ๋‹ˆ ๋ถ€ํŠธ๋กœ๋”์˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๊ทธ์— ๋งž๊ฒŒ ์„œ๋ฒ„๋ฅผ ์—ด๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

2018-01-08 19_42_44-COM3 - PuTTY

 

๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  tftp๋กœ ํŽŒ์›จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ์— ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ถ€ํŒ…์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ฒดํฌ์„ฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ์‹คํŒจํ–ˆ๋„ค์š”

 

๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๊ณ ๋ณด๋‹ˆ ์˜ฌ๋ ˆ ํŽŒ์›จ์–ด์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด 0x44๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .

์›๋ž˜ uboot์˜ ํ—ค๋” ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” 0x40์ผํ…๋ฐ…?

 

uboot์˜ ์†Œ์Šค์ฝ”๋“œ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•ด ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

2018-01-08 20_37_12-u-boot_image.h at master ยท EmcraftSystems_u-boot ยท GitHub

ํŽŒ์›จ์–ด ํŒŒ์ผ์˜ ํ˜•์‹๋„ ํ™•์ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

2018-01-08 20_49_11-HxD - [C__Users_sub2_Downloads_tftpd_0600A8C0.img]

๊ทธ๋ฆผ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ถฉ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”

 

 

๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ฌ๋ ˆ ํŽŒ์›จ์–ด์˜ ํ—ค๋”๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.

2018-01-08 20_48_28-HxD - [C__Users_sub2_Downloads_tftpd_ollehfirmware.bin]

์ค‘๊ฐ„์— 00 02 04 00 ์ด๋ž€ ์ด์ƒํ•œ ๊ฐ’์ด ํ—ค๋”์— ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด์žˆ๋„ค์š”. ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฐ’ ๊ฐ™์ง€๋Š” ์•Š๊ณ  ๋งค์ง๋„˜๋ฒ„์˜ ์—ฐ์žฅ๊ฐ™๋„ค์š”.

 

๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์›๋ž˜ ํ—ค๋”๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ถœํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ฐ’์„ ๋”ํ•œ ํ›„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋‹ค์‹œ CRC๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ—ค๋”๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ฃผ๋Š” ์Šคํฌ๋ฆฝํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Screenshot-manatails@linux16: ~-1

๋Œ€์ถฉ ์‰˜์Šคํฌ๋ฆฝํŠธ๋ฅผ ์งœ๊ณ 

 

Screenshot-manatails@linux16: ~-2

ํŒŒ์ผ์— ํ—ค๋”๋ฅผ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์“ฐ๋Š” ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ 

 

2018-01-19 22_36_47-COM3 - PuTTY

์ปค๋„๋กœ ๋ถ€ํŒ…ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

2018-01-19 22_38_05-COM3 - PuTTY

ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋‚ด ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์„ ํ† ๋กœํ•˜๋Š”๊ตฐ์š”.

SPI๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” NOR ํ”Œ๋ž˜์‰ฌ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

๊ธฐํŒ์„ ๋“ค์—ฌ๋‹ค๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.

IMG_20180119_224034

ESMT ์‚ฌ์˜ F25L16PA๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ค‘์ด๋„ค์š”

 

2018-01-19 23_03_50-Microsoft Word - F25L32PA.doc - F25L32P.pdf

๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์‹œํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ฐธ์กฐํ•˜์—ฌ

 

2018-01-19 23_04_57-manatails@home-linux_ ~_openwrt

์ปค๋„ NOR ํ”Œ๋ž˜์‰ฌ ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ฒ„์— ํ•ด๋‹น ์นฉ์…‹์ด ์ธ์‹๋ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์นฉID, ์„นํ„ฐํฌ๊ธฐ์™€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

๋ฌด์„  ๊ด€๋ จ ์„ค์ • ๋“ฑ์ด ์ €์žฅ๋˜๋Š” ART์˜์—ญ์ด NORํ”Œ๋ž˜์‰ฌ์— ํƒ‘์žฌ๋˜์–ด์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ•ด๋‹น ์ž‘์—…์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

 

2018-01-08 21_42_38-COM3 - PuTTY

์šฐ์„  ๋ถ€ํŒ…์— ์„ฑ๊ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ initramfs ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— NAND ํ”Œ๋ž˜์‰ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

NAND๋„ ์ผ๋‹จ ECC์˜ค๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์•„ ์ปค๋„ ์ˆ˜์ •์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ด ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

Screenshot-manatails@home-linux: ~-openwrt-7

์šฐ์„  ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋ฌด์„  ์„ค์ •์„ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

 

์ผ๋‹จ ๋ฌด์„  ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋กœ ์„ค์ •์ฐฝ์€ ์ž˜ ๋œจ๋‚˜ ์œ ์„  ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„ค์š”.

์•„๋งˆ ์Šค์œ„์น˜ ์„ค์ •์ด ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

IMG_20180119_234522

์Šค์œ„์น˜ ์นฉ์…‹์€ QCA8337(AR8337)์นฉ์…‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ค‘์ด๋ฉฐ ์œ„ ์‚ฌ์ง„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ํฌํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

์ €๋Š” VLAN tagging์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ LAN๊ณผ WAN ํฌํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

switch

๊ทธ๋ฆผ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋ฉด ์ด์ฏค ๋˜๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.

์Šค์œ„์น˜์—์„œ tagging์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ WAN ๊ณผ LAN ํฌํŠธ๋ฅผ CPU ํฌํŠธ์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

WAN์€ eth0.2 LAN์€ eth0.1์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

2018-01-19 23_22_56-manatails@home-linux_ ~_openwrt

์œ„์—์„œ ๊ตฌ์ƒํ•œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ƒˆ๋กœ ์Šค์œ„์น˜ ์„ค์ • ์Šคํฌ๋ฆฝํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋งž์ถฐ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

fae925c2e64fcd010a5f9963d767f6f3

์œ ์„  ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋„ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

์ด์ œ ๋‹ค ๋œ๊ฑด๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ… ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๋‹ˆ ์™€์ดํŒŒ์ด๊ฐ€ 2.4G๋งŒ ์žกํžˆ๊ณ  5G๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ์žกํžˆ๋„ค์š”

 

2018-01-20 00_17_17-COM3 - PuTTY

์ปค๋„ ๋กœ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‹ˆ 5Ghz ์นฉ์…‹ ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ฒ„์ธ ath10k_pci๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์บ˜๋ฆฌ๋ธŒ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์˜ค๊ธฐ ์‹คํŒจํ–ˆ๋„ค์š”.

์‹œ์ž‘์—์„œ ์ž ์‹œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, NOR ํ”Œ๋ž˜์‰ฌ์— ์ €์žฅ๋˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ์ด 5Ghz ์นฉ์…‹์˜ ์บ˜๋ฆฌ๋ธŒ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

2018-01-20 00_19_36-manatails@home-linux_ ~_openwrt

NOR ํ”Œ๋ž˜์‰ฌ์˜ ART ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ถœํ•ด์„œ ์ ์šฉํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ์ฝ”๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

 

์ด์ œ ๋Œ€์ถฉ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์€ ๋‹ค ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ๋ฐฐํฌ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํŽŒ์›จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ NAND๋ฅผ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”์‹œ์ผœ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.

2018-01-20 01_01_34-COM3 - PuTTY

์ˆœ์ •์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ๋Š” ECC์˜ค๋ฅ˜๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— NAND์ฝ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ด๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ์ผ๋˜ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด๊ธด ํ•œ๋ฐ,ย  ์‹คํŒจํ•œ ์‹œ๋„๋ฅผ ๋‹ค ์ƒ๋žตํ•˜๋‹ˆ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์€ ๋ช‡ ์ค„์˜ ๊ธ€๋กœ ์š”์•ฝ๋˜๋Š”๊ฒŒ ์Šฌํ”„๊ตฐ์š”.

 

๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฉ”์ผ๋ง ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ ์ •๋…ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณต์œ ๊ธฐ ์†Œ์Šค์ฐธ์กฐ ๋“ฑ ๋ณ„ ์‹œ๋„๋ฅผ ๋‹ค ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์†Œ์šฉ์ด ์—†์—ˆ๊ณ …

 

์ปค๋„์˜ NAND ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ฒ„๊ฐ€ ์ž๋™์œผ๋กœ ECC๋ฅผ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™” ํ•ด ์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š๋˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

Screenshot-manatails@home-linux: ~-openwrt-8

์ปค๋„ ์ˆ˜์ •์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

 

์ž ์ด์ œ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์„ค์น˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ”Œ๋ž˜์‰ฌ ์˜์—ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ตฌ์ƒ์„ ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.

๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ํ”Œ๋ž˜์‰ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

nand

ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ค์ •์€ NOR ํ”Œ๋ž˜์‰ฌ์˜ 200kb ๋‚จ์ง“ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์— ์ €์žฅ๋˜๊ณ 

128MB์˜ NAND ํ”Œ๋ž˜์‰ฌ๋Š” ํŽŒ์›จ์–ด์™€ ๋ฐฑ์—…ํŽŒ์›จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” 18MB๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ์ „๋ถ€ ๋นˆ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด๋Ÿด๊ฑฐ๋ฉด 128๋ฉ”๊ฐ€์งœ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์™œ ๋‹จ๊ฑด์ง€๋„ ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.

nand2

์ด์ œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์—์„œ๋Š” ๋’ค์— ์—ฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ํ•˜๋“œ๋””์Šคํฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์„ค์น˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์˜์—ญ์˜ ํฌ๋งท์€ ๋ณดํ†ต NAND์—์„œ ๋งŽ์ด ์“ฐ๋Š” squashfs+jffs2๋กœ ํ• ๋ คํ–ˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์‹œ 96MB์—์„œ๋Š” ์˜ค๋ฒ„๋ ˆ์ด ๋งˆ์šดํŠธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์˜ค๋ž˜๊ฑธ๋ ค ๋‹จ์ผ jffs2๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

 

2018-01-20 01_06_00-COM3 - PuTTY

์ด์ œ ๊น”๋”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งˆ์šดํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ณ  ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์ด ์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

์„ค์ •์ด๋‚˜ ์„ค์น˜ํ•œ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๋“ฑ์€ ์ „๋ถ€ NAND์— ์ €์žฅ๋˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

 

2018-01-20 15_34_19-OpenWrt - Overview - LuCI

์„ค์ • ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค

 

2018-01-20 15_48_09-NVIDIA GeForce Overlay

ํ† ๋ ŒํŠธ ์„œ๋ฒ„

 

2018-01-20 15_55_27-phpinfo()

PHP๊ฐ€ ์ ์šฉ๋œ ์›น์„œ๋ฒ„

 

 

์ด์ œ ์˜ฌ๋ ˆ ๊ณต์œ ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋ฒ ๋ฆฌ ํŒŒ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ƒ ์ž‘์€ ๋ฆฌ๋ˆ…์Šค ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

opkg๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์„ค์น˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์œ„์˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์›น์„œ๋ฒ„, FTP์„œ๋ฒ„ ํ˜น์€ ํ† ๋ ŒํŠธ ์„œ๋ฒ„ ๋“ฑ ํ™œ์šฉ์„ฑ์ด ๋ฌด๊ถ๋ฌด์ง„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ณ„๋ณผ์ผ์—†๋˜ ๊ณต์œ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์€ ์„œ๋ฒ„๊ฐ€ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

iptime๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๊ณต์œ ๊ธฐ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ง„๋“ค์˜ ๋ถ€์žฌ๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ปค์Šคํ…€ ํŽŒ์›จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†๋Š”๋ฐ, ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์‚ฐ ๊ณต์œ ๊ธฐ์—๋„ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋“ค์ด ํ™œ๋ฐœํžˆ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๊ธธ ํฌ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์žฅ๋‹จ์ ์ด ์žˆ๊ธด ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณ ์‚ฌ์–‘ ๊ณต์œ ๊ธฐ๋“ค์ด ์ˆœ์ • ํŽŒ์›จ์–ด๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋Š”๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž์›์˜ ๋‚ญ๋น„๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

ํ˜น์‹œ ๋™์ผ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ์˜ฌ๋ ˆ ๊ณต์œ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ์‹  ๋ถ„๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ, ๋ธ”๋กœ๊ทธ์— ์ปคํŽŒ ์ ์šฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์˜ฌ๋ ค ๋†“๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

IMG_20180120_161004

 

๋งค๋„ˆํ‹ฐ๋Š” ์ตœ๊ณ  ์กด์—„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

KT DW02-412H ์ปค์Šคํ…€ ํŽŒ์›จ์–ด ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ

์ฃผ์˜์‚ฌํ•ญ: ์ด ์ž‘์—…์€ ๊ณต์œ ๊ธฐ์˜ ํŽŒ์›จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฎ์–ด ์“ฐ๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์œผ๋กœ ์ž˜๋ชป๋  ์‹œ ๊ณต์œ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฒฝ๋Œ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋˜ํ•œ DW02-412H์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ํ™•์ธ์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋ž˜ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๊ฐ€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์“ฐ์‹œ๋Š” ๊ณต์œ ๊ธฐ์™€ ํ˜ธํ™˜์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ์ง€ ํ™•์ธ์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ์  ์–‘ํ•ด๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ณต๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ktํŽŒ์›จ์–ด๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ์ €์ž‘๊ถŒ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์˜ฌ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์–ด๋ ค์šธ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , OpenWRT๋Š” ์ˆ™๋ จ๋œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฐํฌํŒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์„ค์ •์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฆฌ๋ˆ…์Šค ๊ด€๋ จ ์ง€์‹์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ํ•˜์‹œ๋Š”๊ฒƒ์„ ์ถ”์ฒœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

 

DW02-412H ๋ชจ๋ธ์— openwrt ์ปค์Šคํ…€ ํŽŒ์›จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ณต์œ ๊ธฐ ์ž์ฒด ํŽŒ์›จ์–ด ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‘๋ฒˆ์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์•ผ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์„ค์น˜๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

 

*๊ณต์œ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ WANํฌํŠธ๋กœ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

1. ํŽŒ์›จ์–ด initramfs ํŒŒ์ผ์„ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. http://laura.mananet.net/dw02412h/openwrt_initramfs.img

2. ์˜ฌ๋ ˆ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ค์ •์—์„œ ํ•ด๋‹น ํŒŒ์ผ๋กœ ํŽŒ์›จ์–ด ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

3. ์žฌ๋ถ€ํŒ… ํ›„ ์ˆœ์ • ํŽŒ์›จ์–ด๋กœ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์•„์˜จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ํŽŒ์›จ์–ด ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋” ํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

4. telnet์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ 192.168.1.1์— ์ ‘์†ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

5.๋‹ค์Œ ๋ช…๋ น์–ด๋ฅผ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

cd /tmp

wget http://laura.mananet.net/dw02412h/openwrt.img

mtd erase current

mtd erase firmware

mtd write openwrt.img firmware

reboot

2018-01-20 11_51_17-COM3 - PuTTY

์‚ฌ์ง„์ฐธ์กฐ

6. ์ตœ์ดˆ ๋ถ€ํŒ…์€ NANDํฌ๋งท ๊ณผ์ •์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ข€ ๋” ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

7. ์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.